Mission, objectives, macroeconomic policy of the Faysal Bank - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4670 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Outcomes Covered Outcome 1 Identify the mission, objectives and responsibilities of an organization with in its environment Outcome 2 Investigate the economic, social and global environment in which organization operate PURPOSE OF THE ASSIGNMENT This assignment was assign to us with certain objectives in mind. The purpose and objectives were to study the working of a real world organization practically. To equip students with the insight of organization and analyze the practical aspects of the working of Business Environment and developing the students capability of applying the concepts on the organization hence learning by doing. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Mission, objectives, macroeconomic policy of the Faysal Bank" essay for you Create order To observe the mission, objectives, social welfare policy, industrial policy and macroeconomic policy of the Faysal Bank. P1 M1 D1:- Identify the mission, values and key objectives of the chosen organization and asses the influence of stakeholders. Give your judgements about the organizational performance in achieving its objective and also satisfy its stakeholders. Justify a choice of a new mission statement salient features. Organization:- An organization is an arrangement of people, pursuing common goals, achieving results and standards of performance. Basically, an organization in its simplest form is a person or group of people intentionally organized to accomplish an overall, common goal or set of goals. Business organizations can range in size from one person to tens of thousands. Organizations are social units with a purpose. Normally there should be a purpose for the birth of an organization. Each organization comes into existence with a purpose specific to its genesis. For example we have a galaxy of organizations such as governments, government agencies, corporations, business organizations, universities, trade associations, trade unions, hospitals, schools, theatres, municipal corporations, prisons, slaughter houses, professional societies and a host of several other bodies. Each has its own purpose to live in the society. (www.businessdictionary.com) Mission: Mission or Purpose is a precise description of what an organization does. It is a definition of why the organization exists currently. Each member of an organization should be able to verbally express this mission. Additionally, each person needs a mission for his or her life. A mission statement focuses on theÂÂ  howÂÂ  of your business. It defines theÂÂ  purposeÂÂ  of the business. It outlines theÂÂ  reasonÂÂ  for being for your business and provides some understanding of how your business will be operated-the Strategy. Mission describes the organizations basic function in society, in terms of the products and services it produces for its clients. The specific role that organization plans to fulfill the within society over the long-term and therefore limits the scope of its operations by implicitly excluding areas outside its stated mission. (www.entrepreneur.com) Values: A value is a belief, a mission, or a philosophy that is really meaningful to the company. Values define the group beliefs, and rules that control the management of the company. It represents the organizational philosophy and support to the basic mission of an organization. An organization with stronger Values base can be very successful in the future for long-term and can achieve the organizational goals in timely manner. Values have impact on each and every activity of the organization and must be define by the top management of the organization in very careful manner. (www.wikipedia.com) Objectives: Objectives give the business aÂÂ  clearly defined target. An objective is something you want to achieve. Business objectives are something, which a business organization wants to achieve or accomplish over a specified period of time. These may be to earn profit for its growth and development, to provide quality goods to its customers, to protect the environment etc. These are the objectives of business. Faysal Bank Limited:- Introduction of Faysal Bank Limited: Faysal Bank started operations in Pakistan in 1987, first as a branch set-up of Faysal Islamic Bank of Bahrain and then in 1995 as a locally incorporated Pakistani bank under the present name of Faysal Bank Limited. On January 1, 2002, Al Faysal Investment Bank Limited, another group entity in Pakistan, merged into Faysal Bank Limited which resulted in a larger, stronger and much more versatile institution. The strength and stability of Faysal Bank Limited is evident through the Credit Rating assigned by JCR-VIS Credit Rating Company Limited of AA (Double A) for long to medium term and A-1+ (A One Plus) for short term. (Faysal Bank, Annual Report 2009) Faysal Bank Mission: Achieve leadership in providing financial services in chosen markets through innovation. To Develop and deliver the most innovative products, manage customers experience, deliver quantity service that contributes to brand strength, establishes a comprehensive advantage and enhances profitability, in this way providing value to the stakeholders of the bank. (www.faysalbank.com) Faysal Bank Values: Our daily code of conduct is exemplified by eight core values: Four threshold values at the heart of our brand. Four differentiator values values that set our brand apart. Threshold Values: Team Work Respect Integrity Professionalism Differentiate Values: Passion Innovation Responsiveness Compassion (www.faysalbank.com) Faysal Bank Objectives:- Faysal Bank has the following objectives:- Prime focus to earn profit by providing values to its customers. To provide superior services to its customers. To provide assistance in the development of the commerce and trade industry. Focus on blending skills and experience towards creating an enabling environment. Core focus is to inculcate a culture of collaboration intended to delver world class customer service. To promote and boost up business sector inside the country. To provide the employment opportunities in the country. To provide loan and advances to help out in self employment schemes To earn profit for the bank itself and for its stakeholders. To create maximum economic value for shareholders through constant relationship focuses on financial services. (Operational Manager of Faysal Bank) Stakeholders:- Stakeholders are individuals or groups who have an interest in an organizations ability to deliver intended results and maintain the viability of its products and services. In the development of a firms mission and vision is a good place to start, but first, of course, you must identify critical stakeholders, get a handle on their short- and long-term interests, calculate their potential influence on your strategy, and take into consideration how the firms strategy might affect the stakeholders (beneficially or adversely). Stakeholders can be internal as well as external Internal Stakeholders:- Internal stake holders are individual or groups inside a business or an organization can be employees and management. Members can also be internal stake holders. External Stakeholders:- External stake holders are individuals or groups outside the business who are interested in the decisions an organization makes. They might even have an effect on that organization or business, External stake holders can be: *Standard agencies *pressure group *Suppliers *Customers *Professional bodies *Local community *Government *young people *etc Stakeholders overall include: *Owners or shareholders *Managers *Employees *Customers *Government *Suppliers *Communities *Investors Some stakeholders may have more than one interest in a business. An employee might also be a stakeholder. Managers are employees of the business, a customer might be a member of a local community but yet they can be stakeholders. Stakeholders in a business will usually benefit from their involvement with the organization. Employees will earn money which they can spend on goods and services. Customers will consume the goods and services supplied by the business and the government w ill collect tax from the organization. (Wikipedia) M1:- The main purpose of any commercial bank is to deposit money and to advances loans to general public of the country. Besides that the bank also provides certain other facilities in order to maintain its stability and also achieve the higher customer level. As in todays banking industry a tough competition is going on so its very difficult for any bank to satisfy and retain their customers. In meanwhile the retention and satisfaction of the customers is playing a vital role in the achievement of any organization. As the Faysal Bank is working on the mission that achieve leadership in providing financial services in chosen markets through innovation. So the Faysal Bank is providing every product and service with the changing perception of the minds of the customer through innovation. Due to this innovation the Faysal Bank is providing a variety of products and services to their customers throughout the country in order to attain their objectives of providing superior level of servi ces to their customers. Businesses play an important role in developing the economy of any country so the businesses must be facilitated in order to boost up the economy. Faysal Bank is playing vital role globally in Trade Financing through its network, affiliates and correspondents. The Bank offers standard loan and trade financing facilities in order to boost up the corporate businesses in the country. These facilities include the short-term and long-term funds, letter of credit and Bank Guarantees and other related facilities for trade. Human resources are the main assets in the achievement of objectives of any organization. Faysal bank is working on this and is proving better opportunities for the talented individuals to start their career and also believes in promoting their careers. The environment of working of the Faysal Bank is standardized one in which the individuals can groom their career. The bank is also providing opportunities for the fresh students by hiring th em as Management Trainee. The Faysal Bank is caring the customer by providing them creative and value added services to customers. So these innovations bring the high profit for both the bank and the associated stakeholders which create high value of their business in the banking industry. D1:- Mission Statement for Faysal Bank Limited:- Focusing on the customers loyalty by providing standard financial services through developing and delivering innovative products and services keeping in view the stakeholders profitability. Features:- Customers loyalty Financial Services Innovation Stakeholders Profitability Customer Loyalty:- Objective of the bank is to provide valuable and superior services to customers, so for this the Bank is focusing on close and long term relationship with customers. Their prime aim as to facilitate their customers with more advanced financial services, so to make them loyal. Financial Services:- Objective of the bank is to provide assistance for an individual and business, so the bank is providing mixture of financial services to an individual and businesses for the development and promotion of individuals life and commerce. Innovation:- The focus of bank is to bring more new ideas in their services to their customers. Which will increase the market share of the bank and will led the bank serve more customers. Stakeholders Profitability:- By providing valuable services and innovation it will increase the stakeholders wealth. P2 D2:- Evaluate the extent to which an organization achieves the objectives of three stakeholders. Recommend the broad strategies to achieve stakeholders Objective successfully. Interest Objectives of Stake holders:- Different Stake holders have diverse objective and they have different affects on an organization or business. According to Michael Novak following are seven points that should be kept in mind according to business ethics when developing relations with stakeholders. Customer satisfaction by providing goods and services of real value. Reasonable return on the funds entrusted to the business by its investors. Create new wealth New job opportunities Promote invention and creativity One of the most important is to diverse public interest into different sectors of life. If these six points are taken care of then a business would serve the common good of the community in several ways. Concern can occur in business when stakeholder interests are different. Each type of stakeholder is likely to have a set of interests which they want to achieve. It could be argued that: Shareholders want regular, secure and high returns. Managers want responsibility, high rewa rds and a lack of interference in their actions. Employees want high earnings, an interesting job and secure employment. Customers want quality products at low prices and a good service Suppliers want secure, regular and profitable orders. Government wants to achieve a large number of goals including growth in the economy and low inflation. The local community wants thriving local businesses which do not cause problems. D2:- strategies:- In keeping view the objectives of the stakeholders I have recommend following strategies for the Bank which are given below. The Bank should provide quality products to satisfy customers need. There must be representative from bank side for the customers at different branches, due to which customers can easily get awareness about the product and also the Bank should maintain strong relationships with the customers. The prices of the products and also interest rate on loans should not be high. The Bank should invest significantly in research and development to develop new products and manufacturing processes. The Bank should also keep skilful managerial staff so that they can make a good decision bring new ideas to develop the products of the bank. The bank should give promotion on time to their employees. There should be a vacancy for promotion officer in the Bank. The Bank should arrange training for newly recruited employees. Employees should be motivated by giving cash re wards to them so for that purpose the bank must maintain a separate head. The Bank should provide free schooling and medical treatment to their childrens. All the dues should be given to employees time by time without any delay. Shareholders wants regular profits so If the Bank provides good quality of products then more income will be generated, then in result shareholders will receives dividends regularly. Most important thing is that shareholders want security of the business so the Bank should invest continuously in the employees who ensure that they are highly motivated, well trained and is encouraged to encounter the challenges of the future. P3 M2:- Explain the responsibilities of an organization. Discuss how much the organization acting responsibility under current circumstances. Responsible Behavior of an Organization:- Social Responsibility:- The social responsibility of an organization may be defined as the obligations that the organization has towards the people and the environment in which the company operate. No organization would ever admit to being socially irresponsible, and many organization claims to act responsibly on social issues. Pollution control is a particularly important example of social responsibility by industrial organizations, and some progress has been made in the development of commercial process for re-cycling waste material. British Coal attempts to restore the environment by planting on old slag heaps. Environmental Responsibilities:- Public concern with environmental pollution has resulted in government action. Some of this takes the form of tax incentives. For example, the UK government encouraged the use of lead-free petrol by leaving a lower tax than on leaded petrol. Vehicles that emit lower levels of carbon dioxide are charged less road vehicle tax. The government has also proposed taxing waste. The UK Government has made a public commitment to cut carbon dioxide omissions. Ethics and Business:- Ethics is about the codes of moral principles that people follow with respect to what is right or wrong. Ethical principles are not necessarily enforced by law, although the law can be incorporate moral judgments (murder is wrong ethically, and is also punishable legally). Management Responsibilities:- The stakeholder view suggests that management is responsible not only to the organizations owners (Shareholders), but also has responsibilities to: Employees Customers Suppliers Competitors The Local Community The general public (and government) Public Relations and Corporate Image:- Corporate image describes the public attitude towards a company, or the image of the company in the mind of the general public and, perhaps more specifically, in the minds of potential customers. It is possible to promote a desired corporate image through a combination of public relations, advertising and the experiences and attitudes build up by customers over the year. (For example, the favorable corporate image of Marks and Spencer grew up over many years, without the need for substantial PR or advertising.) M2:- There are various ways and methods for an organization to consider so they can act responsible, however those various ways and methods also depend on the kind of organization you are working with. However, the organization we have selected to write upon is the banking sector. Banks are situated at at places ideal for customers and are environmental friendly, as building do not pose threats to the environment. Given the nature of the bank work, which is mainly clerical or administrative, employees are not subject to occupational health hazards. However, a variety of occupational risks to health do exist in the banking sector, as in other clerical occupations. It is the important for the employees health that adequate standards of hygiene, cleanliness and comfort are maintained in the workplace. It is difficult, to single out health risks involved to the banking sector that are not common to other clerical occupations and it is even more difficult to isolate any special problems i n this area for employees of multinational banks. In the majority of cases, foreign and domestic banks are moreover governed by the same legislative standards with regard to health and safety and hygiene in workplaces, which are said to be respected by foreign banks and enforced through inspection at regular intervals. In a number of countries, particularly in Europe, enterprises of a certain size are obliged by law to set up a joint committee on safety and health to monitor the application of legal provisions, point out deficiencies and make suggestions for improvements. Many of the large banks have gone far beyond the legal prescriptions in their concern for protecting their employees health. For example, in a number of cases they have organized training sessions for employees on safety and health problems, precautionary measures in the workplace, fire prevention and other security matters. Ethical codes are rooted in a wider value system, as to what is right or wrong. Companie s do have ethical responsibility and are not protected by limited liability from the consequences of their actions. A companys record and the perception of its ethics affect its reputation and ensure long term success or failure. The financial community has a history of placing moral considerations above legal or opportunistic expedients. But we are often exposed to moral dangers. Bankers role is one of stewardship based on trust. They are trusted by the people who ask them to look after their money and they have a duty to lend that money responsible. Banking is about rewards reflecting real risks and ethical considerations form an important part of their risk taking activities. The welfare of borrowing customers money, in good times and bad is of major concern in any business proposition. Bank depends on people to run their business and to reflect their ethical standards. Banks have to let their people know what is expected of them. A bank responsibility extends to Governm ent, customers, shareholders, staff and community. In the future, as the banks face increasingly complex and conflicting issues, their resolve and commitment to ethical behavior will be tested. P4:- Explain how economic systems attempt to allocate and make effective use of resources. Different Economic System:- There is a huge list of economic systems some of which are as under:- Capitalism Socialism Mixed Economy Capitalism:- In a capitalist economic system most productive assets are held by private owners, and most decisions about production and distribution are made by the market rather than government command. Capitalism thus suggests a system of economic regulation that involves minimal state involvement. Nonetheless, even the most capitalistic economic systems contain some governmental supervision. The government must establish basic institutional rules, such as contract law. The government must also legislate to correct market failure or situations where the unregulated market does not work well. Most importantly, in any democratic system a large number of interest groups continually petition the government for laws that bias market processes in their favors. Perhaps the Supreme Courts most important function as regulator of capitalism is to define the appropriate constitutional limit of governmental interference with individual, market driven decision making. (Brewster, 1998) Socialism:- An economic system in which the production and distribution of goods are controlled substantially by the government rather than by private enterprise, and in which cooperation rather than competition guides economic activity. There are many varieties of socialism. Some socialists tolerate capitalism, as long as the government maintains the dominant influence over the economy; others insist on an abolition of private enterprise. All communists are socialists, but not all socialists are communists. (Dunnet, 1997) Mixed Economy:- An economy that combines elements of capitalism and socialism, mixing some individual ownership and regulation, some capitalist countries, France, for example, employ what is often called state capitalism. In this form of a mixed economy, the state becomes a major shareholder in private enterprises. An alternative, employed in Great Britain (more in the past than now), is for the state to own some industries while leaving others in private hands. (Brewster, 1998) Allocation Resources in the Economic system:- In capitalism all rights are with owners little involution of government Owner always concentrate it own interest. While in socialism all rights and decision are taken under the government bodies every one have there rights No any difference between any differences between individuals. Every one can get benefit from that economic system while in mixed economy both socialism and capitalism take place. The owner of private organization can get benefit and also single individual. P5 M3 D3:- Discuss the impact of Social welfare and Industrial policy. What are the response of an organization towards social industrial policy and recommended solution. Social Welfare Policy:- Social welfare or public charity, organized provision of educational, cultural, medical, and financial assistance to the need. Modern social welfare measures may include any of the following: the care of destitute adults; the treatment of the mentally ill; the rehabilitation of criminals; the care of destitute, neglected, and delinquent children; the care and relief of the sick or handicapped; the care and relief of needy families; and supervisory, educational, and constructive activity, especially for the young. Industrial Policy:- Industrial policy, government-sponsored economic program in which the public and private sectors coordinate their efforts to develop new technologies and industries. Government provides the financial support and capital to the private sector by direct subsidies, tax credits, or government-run developmental banks. Industrial policy emphasizes cooperation between government, banks, private enterprise, and employees to strengthen the national economy. Impact of Social Welfare Policy on Faysal bank Limited:- There are some social welfare policies which are given below:- Providing different facilities for the employees like flexi loans to the employees. Providing free education and medical treatment for their employees. Providing loans for the development of education and health in the country. Provides internships facility for the fresh students. Provides funds in case of natural disaster in the country. Impact of Industrial Policy on Faysal Bank Limited:- The main impact on FBL is if the government of Pakistan increase the interest rate of Pakistan so the all banks will impacts on this decision of government Due to more interest profit will decrease and people will buy less services and facilities from the selected organization. M3 D3:- Social Welfare Policy:- The impact of Social Welfare Policy on Faysal Bank is sometime positive and negative. In case of providing free education and medical treatment etc the bank has to spent money which can affect their financial position. While on other hand, by providing these facilities students get motivated. The Bank provides facility of internship to fresh students to develop their practical skills. Faysal Bank provides Gratuity Fund to their employees. The Bank provides fund to IDPs, earthquake/flood affected people, in case of natural disaster in the country. Industrial Policy:- Industries are growing in this leading age so the Faysal Bank is also one of the leading Bank in the banking sector of Pakistan. The Bank provides variety of products of standardized nature which encourages the bank position to be stable in that sector. Against other competitors in the Banking sector, the Faysal Bank has provided innovative products and services to their customers and to business. Providing loans to businesses and encouraging different businesses and providing standard services by Faysal Bank is representing that the bank has given full response towards the industrial policy. Solution:- According to my research Faysal Bank is not yet facing any major problems regarding Social Welfare Policy and Industrial Policy. P6:- Evaluate the impact of macroeconomic policy and its influence. Macroeconomic Policy Measures:- Macroeconomic is one of the two most general fields of economics that literally means managing economics at large. It deals with the entire economys performance, total amount of goods and services produced, decision making, structure and etc. It can be national, regional, or global economy. It includes the study of GDP, unemployment rates, and general behavior of prices to understand how the economy works. It also develops models for analysis of national income, inflation, savings, investment, international trade and etc. (Dunnet, 1997) Fiscal Policy:- Measures employed by governments to stabilize the economy, specifically by adjusting the levels and allocations of taxes and government expenditures. When the economy is sluggish, the government may cut taxes, leaving taxpayers with extra cash to spend and thereby increasing levels of consumption. An increase in public-works spending may likewise pump cash into the economy, having an expansionary effect. Conversely, a decrease in government spending or an increase in taxes tends to cause the economy to contract. Fiscal policy is often used in tandem with monetary policy. Until the 1930s, fiscal policy aimed at maintaining a balanced budget; since then it has been used countercyclical, as recommended by John Maynard Keynes, to offset the cycle of expansion and contraction in the economy. Fiscal policy is more effective at stimulating a flagging economy than at cooling an inflationary one, partly because spending cuts and tax increases are unpopular and partly because of the work of economic stabilizers. (Dunnet, 1997) Monetary Policy:- Measures employed by governments to influence economic activity, specifically by manipulating the money supply and interest rates. Monetary and fiscal policy are two ways in which governments attempt to achieve or maintain high levels of employment, price stability, and economic growth. Monetary policy is directed by a nations central bank. In the U.S., monetary policy is the responsibility of the Federal Reserve System, which uses three main instruments: open-market operations, the discount rate, and reserve requirements. In the post-World War II era, economists reached a consensus that, in the long run, inflation results when the money supply grows at too rapid a rate. (Dunnet, 1997) Impact of Monetary Policy on Faysal Bank Limited:- The supply of money will reduce, and the flow of money will be a smaller amount due to all this it will affect the business performance. Decrease in business actions will decrease buying power of people and income rate. Due to more interest profit will decrease and people will buy less services and facilities from the selected organization. Impact of Fiscal Policy on Faysal Bank Limited:- Due to rise in rate of taxation the selected organization has to pay extra taxes, and due to this it will cause reduction in investment because of less earnings and high taxes. The enlargement in the government expenses or payments will increase employment rate as well as the purchasing power of the people means they will spend more. This will cause rise in demand of hospital facilities and services. REFRENCES AND BIBLOGRAPGY Faysal Bank Annual Report Faysal Bank Website Business Studies Book (second edition) by Dave Hall. Rob Jones. Carlo Raffo, edited by Ian chambers and Dave Gray. Brewster,D Business Economics (International Thompson Business Press,1998) BPP Learning Media Business Environment (BPP Learning Media,2007) Dunnet, A The Macroeconomic Environment (Prentice Hall, 1997) Lecture Slides Personal visit to the office of Faysal Bank Limited www.google.com www.wikipedia.com www.businessdictionary.com www.blurtit.com www.ehow.com

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Was it written to persuade readers to question the moral implicationsRead MoreEssay Femininity in Homer’s Iliad1882 Words   |  8 PagesFemininity in Homer’s Iliad In Homer’s Iliad, predominant feminine presence inspires the events of the poem and the destinies of the men involved. This feminine presence is not a product of the actions and decisions of the women in the poem, but rather a conceptual, creative feminine force without which the poem and even human life would not exist. Homer personifies this presence in nature and maintains it through the voice of the Muse, his inspiration. There is a deeper essence of a feminineRead More The Character Achilles in Homers The Iliad993 Words   |  4 PagesThe Character Achilles in Homers The Iliad The first book of The Iliad, appropriately titled the Rage of Achilles, sets the scene for the remainder of the epic (selu.edu/Academics/Depts/WritingCenter/The_Growth_of_Achilles.htm). This rage is invoked by pride, a theme of pivotal importance for the Greeks. Pride is the source of the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon in Book 1. The incident that provoked Achilles rage took place in the tenth and final year of the Achaean attack on TroyRead MorePatrilineal Heritage In Homers Iliad1482 Words   |  6 PagesThe narrator of Homer’s Iliad is obsessed with patrilineal heritage. It is embedded in the very DNA of the epic, embodied in epithets concerning the connection between fathers and sons and even influencing the very cultural values around which the epic centers. Through the patrilineal structure of ancestry, the reader gains insight regarding the evolution of generations (or lack thereof) that has led to the institution of certain cultural customs. One such moment i s Glaukos’ conversation with DiomedesRead MoreSimiles in Homers Iliad Essay1866 Words   |  8 Pages An Examination of Similes in the Iliad - and how Homers Use of Them Affected the Story In the Iliad, Homer finds a great tool in the simile. Just by opening the book in a random place the reader is undoubtedly faced with one, or within a few pages. Homer seems to use everyday activities, at least for the audience, his fellow Greeks, in these similes nearly exclusively. When one is confronted with a situation that is familiar, one is more likely to put aside contemplating the topic and simplyRead More The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad1951 Words   |  8 PagesThe Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad The Iliad presents a full range of valorous warriors: the Achaians Diomedes, Odysseus, and the Aiantes; the Trojans Sarpedon, Aeneas, and Glaukos. These and many others are Homer’s models of virtue in arms. Excelling all of them, however, are the epic’s two central characters, Achilleus, the son of Peleus and, Hector, the son of Priam. In these two, one finds the physical strength, intense determination, and strenuous drive that give them first placeRead More The Role of the Gods in Homers The Iliad Essay544 Words   |  3 PagesThe Role of the Gods in Homers The Iliad We everlasting gods....Ah what chilling blows we suffer-thanks to our own conflicting wills-whenever we show these mortal men some kindness. This exert clearly states what kind of authority Homer has bestowed on his Gods. 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WhileRead More The Gods in Homers The Iliad and The Odyssey Essay1393 Words   |  6 PagesThe Gods in Homers The Iliad and The Odyssey The stories told in the Iliad and Odyssey are based on stories handed down over several generations, for they preserve (as we have seen) memories of an already quiet far distant past. The two pomes show clear connection in their language and style, in the manner in which their incidents presented, and in the combination of agreement with level, which distinguish their creation. The work was written by one author but gave two diverse views on the

The Negative Effects of Steriods - 799 Words

Steroids Many people use steroids from athletes and body builders to just every day ordinary people trying to gain muscle. These users think they get a really big gain on other people, but do they really? Are all these steroids risky to take? Can you die or be in danger of being sick or seriously injured? Many of these users may use large doses to get ahead of others by gaining more muscle quicker. Overall has the overuse of these substances been the problem all along for the users? Steroids are known to have many negative effects on the body. The body has over 50 major hormones. One hormone group is anabolic steroids effect muscle growth and a male or females characteristics; this hormone is produced naturally; the hormones in the body helps the body gain protein. (1c: SV; SV; SV.) One of the major hormones in a male also is found in females is called testosterone. Testosterone causes maturing in the males reproductive system in puberty the male user grows more body hair, deeper voice, muscle growth and could make a user more aggressive. Steroids improve endurance, strength, muscle mass, but it hasn’t shown that it improves skill, agility, or athletic performance. Athletes take steroids for the testosterone effects. Steroids that you could find at a food store or gyms are now illegal and now require a prescription to have. Schmuck 2 Athletes are taking these steroids for a positive look on their body and how they play not taking any negative effects in considerationShow MoreRelatedSelf Esteem And Body Image Problems1491 Words   |  6 Pageshormone produced by your body is testosterone. Testosterone has two main effects on your body: Anabolic effects promote muscle building. Androgenic effects are responsible for male traits, such as facial hair and a deeper voice. TEENAGE STERIOD USE ON THE RISE 8 Anabolic steroids stimulate muscle tissue to grow and bulk up in response to training by mimicking the effect of naturally produced testosterone on the body. Steroids have becomeRead MoreShould Performance Enhancing Drugs Be Legal in Sports? 551 Words   |  2 Pagesto increse the bodys ability to utlize protein, it allows athlete to train harder and anabolic steroids are anti-inflammatories and have a effect on repairing injuries. Its not wrong to cheat, if you are cheating for a good reason. Many athelete take steroids in order to do better in the field. In the article What you really need to know about anabolic steriods states that, Anabolic steroids allows athelete to train harder. Many people get tired after training for few hours but taking sterioidsRead MoreTaking a Look at Endometriosis733 Words   |  3 Pages Endometriosis is a common disease that effects more than five million women in the United States per year. Any woman within childbearing age is at risk for this disease, but it is more common in women in their 30s and 40s. There are a number of theories that suggest the cause of the disease, but none of the theories have been proven. With no certainty on what causes the disease, there is also no cure for it however the symptoms of the disease can be treated.[1] Endometriosis derives it name fromRead MoreAU PSY350 M5 A1 Rodriguez A Essay2073 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ LASA 2: Effects of Stress Angie Rodriguez Physiological Psychology | PSY350 A03 Faculty:   Courtney  McKinney November 3, 2014 Abstract As stress we all know is a normal physical response to events that give us the feeling of threatned or a unbalance in the mind. Whether, it is danger we fear or if it is real living events the way the body reacts to stress it automatically high gears in a fast, way that it process what we recall as â€Å"fight-or-fight† the way reaction is towards stressRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs Should Be Banned in Professional Sports2737 Words   |  11 Pages(Tolliver par. 15). The NCAA banned the use of steroids as far back as 1973. Since the NCAA began testing in 1986, the percentage of users has dropped significantly (Adams 24). Taking steroids or performance enhancing drugs, does not only have a negative affect on the body, but they also is terrible for an athletes reputation, when they get caught (â€Å"Steroids† par. 2). Many people find that the use of any substance to make athletes perform better, and look better than everybody else, is a bad lookRead MoreThe Antibacterial Effect of Papaya Leaves Extract on Staphylococcus Episdermidis7962 Words   |  32 PagesThe Antibacterial Effect of Papaya (Carica) Leaves Extract on Staphylococcus epidermidis Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation Special Science High School Martin P. Posadas Avenue, San Carlos City, Pangasinan Researcher S.Y. 2010-2011 The Antibacterial Effect of Papaya (Carica) Leaves Extract on Staphylococcus epidermidis A thesis Presented to the Faculty and staff of the Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation Special Science High School M.P. Posadas Ave., San Carlos City

The Impact of the Current Regulatory Framework on Water Quality in Ireland Free Essays

Lecturer: Aisling O’Gorman Waste Process Management Lecturer: Aisling O’Gorman Waste Process Management 08 Fall 08 Fall Submission Date: 11/10/2012 Word Count: 2387 Submission Date: 11/10/2012 Word Count: 2387 The Impact of the Current Regulatory Framework on Water Quality in Ireland: Maria McShane The Impact of the Current Regulatory Framework on Water Quality in Ireland: Maria McShane Introduction Based on the evaluation of various reports, papers, documents, regulations and legislation from numerous agencies, departments, directives and bodies it can be seen that although â€Å"on paper† major changes have been made so as to improve the quality of water in Ireland, realistically the amendments do not match up. This being that progress has been slow and minimal when compared to the reform of regulations and legislation and the introduction of the Water Framework Directive. Considering the key importance of water as a natural resource both to society and habitats alike it will be argued that although the intention is there to improve the quality of water in Ireland (and there have been some improvements) as an overall, actual major physical improvements to the water quality has yet to be seen. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of the Current Regulatory Framework on Water Quality in Ireland or any similar topic only for you Order Now Report Firstly the Water Framework Directive will be examined to highlight its purpose, current status and goals for the future and how it fits into impacting Irelands water quality. The WFD was set up by the EU â€Å"in response to the increasing threat of pollution and the increasing demand from the public for cleaner rivers, lakes and beaches† (The Eu Water Framework Directive. [online] Available at: http://www. wfdireland. ie/wfd. tml[Accessed on 08/10/12]). According to the Water Framework Directives’ website, their aims are to â€Å"protect/enhance all waters (surface, ground and coastal waters), achieve â€Å"good status† for all waters by December 2015, manage water bodies based on river basins (or catchments), involve the public and streamline legislation†1 (The Eu Water Framework Directive. [online] Available at: http://www. wfdireland. ie/wfd. html[Accessed on 08/10/12]). In order to achieve these goals a timetable for implementation of the directive was created, starting from its transposition into Irish Legislation by the European Communities (Water Policy) Regulations 2003, (Statutory Instrument 722) on 22nd December 2003 (European Communities (Water Policy) Regulations 2003, (Statutory Instrument 722). (The Eu Water Framework Directive. [online] Available at: http://www. wfdireland. ie/wfd. html[Accessed on 08/10/12]). From the 22nd December 2003 to the 22nd June 2009 no Programmes of Measures were actually implemented in order to beneficially impact Irelands water quality by the WFD. Instead the WFD established (June 2004) and characterised (December 2004) Irelands River Basin Districts, submitted a National Summary Report on the characterisation of the RBDs to the European Commission (March 2005), developed classification systems for surface water and groundwater (June 2006), established and maintained appropriate Monitoring Programmes (June 2006), prepared and published a work programme and timetable for the production of River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) (June 2006), identified the significant water management issues in each river basin (June 2007), drafted RBMPs and allowed six months for written comment (June 2008), and finally established environmental objectives and final Programmes of Measures and developed RBMPs for implementation (June 2009), (Water Framework Directive, [2005]). Although this research and reporting is a vital function of improving Irelands water quality, the timeframe in which this has been done means that physical progress has been h indered. The actual recovery progress made to Irelands water quality can be seen in various Environmental Protection Agency reports. According to the EPA’s Water Quality in Ireland Report of 2007-2009, between 1987 and 1990, 77. 3, 12. 0, 9. 7 and 0. % surveyed river channel length were unpolluted, slightly polluted, moderately polluted and seriously polluted respectively. By the 2001-2003 report the percentage of unpolluted rivers had dropped from 77. 3% to 69. 3% which is significant, in addition to this the percentage surveyed of seriously polluted rivers had risen from 0. 4% to 0. 6%, slight and moderate pollution had also risen by 5. 9 and 2. 6 percent respectively. By the 2007-2009 report the percentage of surveyed river that remained unpolluted had dropped again to 68. 9%, slight pollution had also risen to 20. 7%. Fortunately moderate and seriously polluted waters had seen a drop from 12. 3 and 0. 6 to 10. 0 and 0. 4 percent respectively (M. McGarrigle et al. [2009). Considering that the water quality of rivers for the 2001-2003 recording period was healthier than the 2007-2009 recording period, even though the 2001-2003 period coincides with the implementation of the WFD, highlights that for a period of six years that the WFD was in effect Irelands river water quality declined. This corroborates to the argument that yes the WFD has carried out reports, monitoring programs and drafted plans all well and good, but without any actual meaningful actions taken, what good is the WFD at all? This is not to say that the WFD has not done anything positive, for example since its introduction â€Å"the percentage of channel surveyed classified as seriously polluted has decreased to 0. 4 percent compared with the previous period when 0. 5 percent was seriously polluted† (M. McGarrigle et al. [2009]). It cannot be stressed enough that in order to improve the quality of water in Ireland research and reporting is fundamental, however the point being made is that pencil pushing and fiddling around writing reports and documents will not recuperate Irelands water systems. Six years is a very long timeframe for an EU commissioned directive to take no feasible action other than talk about and plan what it’s going to do and then expect to reach its target of returning all waters to â€Å"good status† by December 2015. To emphasise the case that without acting and merely focusing on the bureaucratic side of things the WFD has impeded its own progress, citing’s from the South Western River Basin Management Plan (2009-2015) report will be looked at. It states, â€Å"municipal wastewater discharge is one of the two most important sources of pollution in Irish rivers, accounting for 38% of the number of polluted river sites recorded (the other source being agricultural activities)† (South Western River Basin District [2010]). This is not new news, this has been known for quite some time and â€Å"the two top sectors responsible for the pollution of Irish rivers are municipal and agriculture† has even been quoted in the 1991-1993 EPA water quality in Ireland report. To add to this the Nitrates Directive was set up in 1991 for the â€Å"protection of waters against pollution by nitrates from agricultural sources† (Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, The Nitrates Directive. [online] Available at: http://www. nviron. ie/en/Environment/Water/WaterQuality/NitratesDirective/ [Accessed on 08/10/12]). This directive actually implemented legislation that â€Å"required the avoidance of practices by farmers which create a risk of causing pollution to water courses and provide for inspections by local authorities. They also provided for strengthened enforcement provisions and for better farmyard management. They included provisions relating to times of the year, weather and soil conditions when the application of fertilisers is permitted, the minimum setback distances from water sources for the application of fertilisers and minimum storage capacity for manures†. Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, The Nitrates Directive. [online] Available at: http://www. environ. ie/en/Environment/Water/WaterQuality/NitratesDirective/ [Accessed on 08/10/12]). Why then is the SWRBD reporting that agriculture is the second biggest cause of pollution to Irish rivers, number one when this has long been known and number two when measures have already been put in place a long time ago to address this problem? To add to this they also quoted â€Å"The main objective i n relation to wastewater is to meet the requirements of the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Regulations (2001-2010) in full† (South Western River Basin District [2010]). Not to be crude, but are they for real? This is common sense, these regulations have been in place since 2001, and yes they would have been modified over the years but how in 2010 when this report came out can meeting these regulations still be just an objective? To highlight further the WFDs failure to have a significant positive impact on the quality of Irish water a recent EPA report on the assessment of aquatic ecosystem responses to POM’s intended to improve water quality in Ireland was released. According to this report, â€Å"results presented suggest that many existing POMs have proven or are proving ineffective in raising BWQ (biological water quality) and restoring ecological functioning† (D. Taylor et al. [2012]). An example of this can be seen in the â€Å"strategic replacement of 10% of septic tank systems in part of the Blackwater catchment in CO. Armagh† (D. Taylor et al. [2012]). The report showed that overall, prior and subsequent to the replacement of the septic tank systems phosphorous loads remained largely the same. In conjunction with this result, â€Å"in other parts of the Blackwater, the replacement and upgrading of septic tank systems had no significant phosphorous concentration effects, despite the implementation of additional POMs aimed at reducing phosphorous inputs from point and diffuse sources† (D. Taylor et al. [2012]). The report goes on to say that some of the â€Å"potential reasons why the implementation of POMs have had limited success include the delayed, incomplete or uneven application of measures† (D. Taylor et al. [2012]). This only solidifies the argument that the WFD spent too much time thinking about what to do, and then what measures they did put in place, for the most part either took too long to do so or did not implement the measure properly in order to meet their 2015 deadline. Which follows now onto a report that was released in July 2010 on behalf of the WFD entitled â€Å"Final River Basin Management Plans Background Documentation, Alternative Objectives: Approach to Extended Deadlines†, its main purpose, to focus on certain cases that require an extension past the 2015 deadline (kind of defeats the purpose of the WFD if they are admitting defeat five years before the deadline). Under section 4. 0 ‘Agriculture’ of this report, one of the cases for exclusion is nitrate losses from agriculture to groundwaters. The reason for this, â€Å"Scientific data indicates status recovery extends beyond 2015. â€Å"Recovery of elevated nitrate levels in groundwater bodies is expecte d to take place in approximately 20 years even with full implementation of the Good Agricultural Practice regulations (Fenton et al, in press). So yes, while it is known that the natural recovery of a water system takes substantial time, with technology today could the WFD not invest in developing nitrate removal techniques such as, layered double hydroxides which â€Å"are of interest because of the potential to use LDHs to remove agrochemicals from polluted water, reducing the likelihood of eutrophication† (Wikipedia. org, Layered Double Hydroxins. [online] Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Layered_double_hydroxides [Accessed on 08/10/2012]). Another case looked at in this report is wastewater discharges from some treatment plants. The reason for the exemption, a technical/practical constraint, it states â€Å"The time required to plan and design upgrades to treatment plants and to achieve approvals and licensing means it is not technically possible to achieve good status in 2015,† the action applied is to leave â€Å"Local Authorities to upgrade plants through the Water Services Investment Programme† meaning that funding is one of the reasons that there will be a delay in the overhaul of wastewater treatment plants in Ireland. Unsurprisingly, according to the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government website â€Å"with the changed economic climate and the finalisation of the first cycle of River Basin Management Plans, the new programme aims to prioritise projects that target environmental compliance issues† (Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, Water Services Investment Programme. online] Available at: http://www. environ. ie/en/Environment/Water/ WaterServices/WaterServicesInvestmentProgramme/ [Accessed on 08/10/2012]). This here shown lack of initiative by the Government and the WFD by not investing in technology that can help recover Irish waters allows the development of this last argument. In a very recent position paper entitled â€Å"Reform of the Water Sector in Ireland† carried out by the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government it was highlighted that â€Å"water services cost over â‚ ¬1. 2 billion to run in 2010, of which operational costs amounted to some â‚ ¬715 million, with capital expenditure of over â‚ ¬500 million†. The paper goes on to tell of the impending establishment of the state company ‘Irish Water’ â€Å"that will take over the water investment and maintenance programmes of the 34 county and city councils with the key aim of supervising and accelerating the pace of delivery of planned investments needed to upgrade the State’s water and sewerage networks† (Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, [2012]). This state company intends on funding its investments and programmes via water charges paid for by Irish householders. Despite the fact that Ireland is in a recession and its people are struggling as it is financially, the fact remains that Ireland is the only country in the OECD that does not pay for its water use (Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, [2012]). It states, â€Å"Our capacity to fund the future capital investment requirements from the exchequer is severally constrained. The Government’s plan for Infrastructure and Capital Investment 2012-16 shows a decline in exchequer capital investment in water and waste water services from â‚ ¬435 million in 2011 to â‚ ¬371 million in 2012 and a further decline to â‚ ¬296 million by 2014† (Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, [2012]). This is one of the reasons why Irish Water is a good idea as it will actually fund the necessary wastewater treatment plant changes that need to be done in order to tackle some of Irelands water pollution issues while also effectively reducing the amount of treated potable water wasted everyday by Irish households. So to sum up, yes, introducing the WFD has had a positive impact as it has lead to developments in implementations that will help to recover the quality of Irelands waters, however the main argument being made in this paper is that they failed on several points. Firstly they spent too much time on the bureaucratic side of things, six years to be exact figuring out what the problems were and where, when a lot of them were obvious, had been known about and reported on several years previously and many had already been addressed. Secondly, a lot of POMs that were implemented were done so either to late or not properly, meaning that a lot of them have not lead to any significant positive changes. Finally where the WFD failed was a lack of investment into developing technologies that might help accelerate the return of Irish waters to their natural state, and a huge time lag into implementing water charges so as to invest into Irelands infrastructure regarding wastewater treatment. Overall time here is what has been wasted, as for every day that no action is taken is another day when Irelands water and habitats suffer. Nature does not and can not wait for the pencil pushers. References 1. The Eu Water Framework Directive. [online] Available at: http://www. wfdireland. ie/wfd. html[Accessed on 08/10/12] 2. Water Framework Directive, [2005]. The Characterisation and Analysis of Ireland’s River Basin Districts, National Summary Report. Ireland 3. Environmental Protection Agency, M. McGarrigle et al. [2009]. Water Quality in Ireland. Ireland 4. South Western River Basin District, [2010] South Western River Basin Management Plan. Ireland 5. Environmental Protection Agency, [1993] Water Quality in Ireland. Ireland 6. Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, The Nitrates Directive. [online] Available at: http://www. environ. ie/en/Environment/Water/WaterQuality/NitratesDirective/ [Accessed on 08/10/12]). 7. Environmental Protection Agency, D. Taylor et al. [2012] Water Quality and the Aquatic Environment STRIVE Report 91. Ireland 8. Lag Time: A Methodology For The Estimation Of Vertical, Horizontal Travel Flushing Timescales To Nitrate Threshold Concentrations In Irish Aquifers Fenton et al under review 9. Wikipedia. org, Layered Double Hydroxins. [online] Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Layered_double_hydroxides [Accessed on 08/10/2012]. 10. Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, Water Services Investment Programme. [online] Available at: http://www. environ. ie/en/Environment/Water/WaterServices/WaterServicesInvestmentProgramme/ [Accessed on 08/10/2012]). 11. Department of Environment, Community and Local Government, [2012] Reform of the Water Sector in Ireland. Ireland How to cite The Impact of the Current Regulatory Framework on Water Quality in Ireland, Papers

Wuthering Heights free essay sample

The story of Wuthering Heights provides us with the idea of class ambiguity through a selection of characters that do not belong to one specific social class and whose status changes throughout the novel, which is contrary to the main idea that in Victorian England a person was born into one social class and usually stayed there for the rest of their lives. The main example of the changing social class in the novel is Heathcliff. Heathcliff was born a poor orphan but his social class improved when he was taken into Earnshaw’s family. However, he is frequently shunned because of his poor roots and his lack of background. He is then degraded by Hindley after Earnshaw’s death when he is forced to become a common labourer but he once again raises his social standing when he returns years later as a wealthy gentleman. His social position is responsible for many of Catherine Earnshaw’s decisions which influence their lives and the lives of those around them and ultimately become their destruction. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After Catherine’s stay at Thrushcross Grange during which she experiences a higher class of life, she desires the importance, security and status that comes with that life. This can be seen in her reasons for loving Edgar, one of which is ‘And he will be rich, and I shall like to be the greatest woman of the neighbourhood, and I shall be proud of having such a husband’. Due to Heathchliff’s social status at that time, Cathy would not even consider marrying him: ‘If the wicked man had not brought Heathcliff so low, I shouldn’t have thought of it. It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff, now ’ Hareton and Cathy Linton are also characters who are affected by Heathcliff and social class. Hareton was born into the middle class, being an Earnshaw and the heir to Wuthering Heights; however, he loses this status and becomes a labourer with no education due to Heathcliff’s treatment of him and his securing of the property prior to Hindley’s death. Cathy Earnshaw is also born into a upper class life at Thrushcross Grange, constantly having attention and always getting the things that she wants. She is then transformed into a servant due to Heathcliff’s trickery in obtaining her rightful fortune by securing the marriage between his dying on Linton and her when Cathy’s father Edgar is also dying. Heathcliff’s death provides relief for both of them as it signifies that Hareton becomes the owner of Wuthering Heights and Cathy gets back her home, Thrushcross Grange. Cathy Linton also demonstrates the relationship between the classes through her treatment of Hareton when they first meet. Once she finds out that he is a servant she is very quick to judge and act the ‘lady’: ‘But Ellen,’ cried she, staring, fixed in astonishment. ‘‘How dare he speak so to me? Mustn’t he be made to do as I ask him? You wicked creature, I shall tell papa what you said- Now then! ’’ and ‘‘Papa is gone to fetch my cousin from London-my cousin is a gentleman’s son-That my-’ she stopped, and wept outright; upset at the bare notion of relationship with such a clown’. Emily Bronte also uses Mr Lockwood as a symbol of social class in the Victorian era. He represents the upper class and the way he behave and acts lets us distinguish the higher social classes from the upper and lower classes in the country. We are made to stereotype that class through Mr Lockwood: dining at five, thinking very logically and without much imagination (‘and wondered how any one could ever imagine unquiet slumbers for the sleepers in that quiet earth’) and having a very high self-importance (‘I knew, through experience, that I was tolerably attractive’). In Wuthering Heights, social class and the uncertainty of which class many of the characters belong to is used to develop the plot of the story. The main example of this is Heathcliff’s struggle with social class, which causes much of the turmoil for the other characters in the book.