Saturday, February 15, 2020

European Strategy towards Asian Countries Essay

European Strategy towards Asian Countries - Essay Example European market became saturated for many of the big organizations which forced them to look for options in the emerging markets like India, China, and the Middle East etc. Europe is blessed with a lot of developed countries such as Britain, France Germany etc. Traditionally or historically, Europe has had close ties with Asian countries during the ancient periods. However, the current relationships are much more meaningful than the relationships during the ancient periods. Europeans tried to exploit the resources of the weaker Asian regions earlier whereas at present they are trying to establish relationships with the Asian region for mutual benefits. This paper briefly analyses the European strategy towards Asian countries especially towards, India, China and the Middle East. Europe’s relation with China and India Even though EU has established relations with China in 1975 itself, these relations never prospered into a bigger canvas because of the political differences betwe en China and European countries. Earlier, most of the Eastern European countries were under a communist regime which helped China and Europe to establish relationships. However, the destruction of communism from the Eastern European countries brought almost the entire Europe under the democratic platform. This radical transformation of Europe into a democratic region affected their relations with communist China. However, China succeeded in giving a more liberal look to their approaches under the leadership of Deng in the 80’s and 90’s and they are currently the most rapidly developing economies in the world. China is now a global power: decisions taken in Beijing are central to virtually all the EU’s pressing global concerns, whether climate change, nuclear proliferation, or rebuilding economic stability. China’s tightly controlled economic and industrial policies strongly affect the EU’s economic well-being. China’s policies in Africa are transforming parts of a neighboring continent whose development is important to Europe. Yet the EU continues to treat China as the emerging power it used to be, rather than the global force it has become (A power audit of EU-China relations, 2009, p.1) China is one country which causing threats not only to the Americans but also to the Europeans. It is difficult for Europe to isolate China, only because of political reasons. America, the strong critic of China, has already established good business relations with China.

Sunday, February 2, 2020

See No Evil The U.S. Response to the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda Essay

See No Evil The U.S. Response to the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda - Essay Example The role of media will also be examined vis--vis as an aiding tool in the genocide and its deliberative inertia in generating public response. The international context of US foreign policy response will also be examined in the aftermath of Somalia and in the theoretical framework of national interest vs humanitarianism framework. The response of UN will also be examined under organizational interest. This approach to the case study will not only answer the posed questions but will also try to link the various dimensions and coordinates of this International Humanitarian crisis. The problems of Africa have to be viewed within the inter-contextual relationships of colonization, decolonization, racism and 'neo-colonialism'. In the small country of Rwanda approximately 800000 to 1 million human beings were slaughtered within a span of just around hundred days; in a ruthlessly organized manner. In order to lend perspective to our analysis about US and UN apathy towards this incident it is imperative that we first examine the context of Rwanda as a post-colonial state. Rwanda's underdevelopment in both social as well as economic terms, which precipitated the massacre, has to be understood in terms of colonial state 'manufacturing'. Post colonial Africa was divided not according to natural or even perhaps geographical barriers. Countries were created in accordance with the territorial occupation of colonial metropole. The cauldron of state creation in Africa was designed to serve the interests of the metropole. The new nations, right from the outset were plagued with structural anomalies. The development problem in its entire scope was a conscious construct of metropole. The local elite was created and co-opted in an 'international social structure' serving the world capitalist economy. These elites are 'trained' and 'conditioned' in to western habits of 'consumption' and 'values' so as to serve the metropolitan interest even after they have left (Zartman.1976). Besides creating this, outward looking 'vernacular elite' (Jehan.1972), it is argued th at social identities and strata are also a deliberate colonial construct. In case of Africa amorphous identities were crystallized in to tribal identities based on a 'race science' (Hintjens.2001), concept of social engineering. 'Rwandan genocide is the most dramatic example of race science in action since the Holocaust' (ibid, pp.25). It has been argued and reasonably established that amorphous identities in Rwanda were manipulated and converted in to lethal and organized form of solidified tribal affiliations (Gourevitch.1998, Gasana et all., 1999, Lemarchand.1996). The Tutsi and Hutu were class stratification, a status term rather then a defined, historical ethnic identity. 'Until the early twentieth century, an individual could be both Hutu in relation to his patrons and Tutsi in relation to his own clients'(Lemarchand.1996:pp.9-14). In the pre-colonial era this nebulous social positioning was never an ethnic stratification and social fluidity from Hutu to Tutsi and vice versa w as common (Goyvaerts.1999; Newbury.1998; Prunier.1995). The Germans after the Berlin Congress got Rwanda as part of German East Africa and thereafter they transplanted their racist ideology in their colonies, including Rwanda. It was the German metropole which first of all implanted the idea of